Array
(
    [0] => 
    [1] => specialties
    [2] => department-surgical-oncology
    [3] => gynae-oncology-services
    [4] => hpv-vaccines
    [5] => 
)

HPV Vaccines

Persistent cervical infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes is necessary for the development of cervical cancer and its immediate precursor lesions, CIN3

HPV16 & 18 contributes to about 70% of cervical cancers

HPV 31, 33, 45, 52, 58 are responsible for 20% cervical cancers

90% HPV infections are transient, becoming undetectable within one to two years

HPV vaccines

  • DNA free VLPs- empty capsids, non-infective, non-oncogenic
  • Prophylactic Vaccines protect against acquisition of HPV infection and development of HPV associated disease
  • Bivalent vaccine cover HPV 16, 18
  • Quadrivalent vaccine cover HPV 6, 11, 16, 18
  • Nonavalent vaccine cover HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58
  • Therapeutic Vaccines induce regression of existing HPV associated lesions and are under development

Age at initiation of vaccination

  • Advisory committee on immunization practices by United States recommends:
  • Routine HPV Vaccination at 11-12 years, though it can be administered from 9 years onwards
  • For those aged between 13 to 26 years, who have not been previously vaccinated, catch-up vaccination is recommended
  • For adults 27 years or older, decision to vaccinate is made on individual basis. Likely benefit and cost-effectiveness is lower due to chances of prior exposure
  • The optima timing is “Before the Sexual Debut”

Choice of vaccine

  • Any of the three vaccine types can be given depending upon availability. If cost and availability is not an issue then 9- valent vaccine is recommended. Serological or HPV DNA testing not warranted
  • Ideally the same formulation should be used to complete the series, bit if previous formulation is unknown or unavailable, a different formulation can be given.

Dosing schedule

  • Initiation before 15 years of age- Two doses at 0 and at 6 to 12 months. If the second dose was administered less than five months after the first, the dose should be repeated.
  • Initiation at age of 15 years or later- Three doses at 0, 1 to 2 and at 6 months. The minimum intervals between the first two doses is four weeks, between the second and third doses is 12 weeks, and between the first and third dose is five months.
  • Immunocompromised patients- 3 doses, regardless of age
  • Missed dose- vaccination series can be resumed without restarting the series.
  • Not recommended during pregnancy, but if given inadvertently during pregnancy, one can continue it and complete the rest of doses after delivery
  • Can be given during breast feeding
  • Excellent antibody responses- seroconversion rates of 93 to 100 percent in females and 99 to 100 percent in males.
  • vaccine is safe and well tolerated apart from mild injection site reactions and reports of post-vaccination syncopal events.

Post vaccination surveillance

  • HPV immunization is not effective in clearing HPV infection, genital warts, or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia that is already present.
  • HPV vaccine does not protect against 100 percent of types known to cause cervical cancer.

Thus, HPV vaccination status does not impact cervical cancer screening recommendations.

FEATURED DOCTORS

Our Locations
  • Sir Chotu Ram Marg, Sector – 5, Rohini Institutional Area, Rohini, New Delhi, Delhi – 110085, India

    +91-11-47022222 | Fax +91 11 27051037

  • Squadron Leader Mahender Kumar Jain Marg, Block K, Niti Bagh, New Delhi, Delhi 110049

    +91-11-45822222 / +91-11-45822200

All © reserved to Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre
Website Designing & SEO by Techmagnate