DONATENeobladder Cancer Surgery in Delhi
Overview
At Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre (RGCIRC), we understand that bladder cancer treatment can be both physically and emotionally demanding. For many patients who require bladder removal surgery (radical cystectomy), restoring natural urinary function becomes an important part of recovery and returning to normal life. That is where neobladder reconstruction surgery plays a vital role. Through this advanced procedure, our uro-oncologists create a new bladder (neobladder) using a section of the intestine, allowing patients to pass urine naturally through the urethra. With the help of state-of-the-art robotic systems, precision surgical techniques, and dedicated rehabilitation support, we ensure that every patient receives comprehensive and compassionate care focused on comfort, dignity, and long-term well-being.
Understanding the Need for Neobladder Reconstruction
Bladder cancer develops when abnormal cells begin to grow uncontrollably in the inner lining of the bladder. In many cases, early-stage tumours can be treated through local procedures or intravesical therapy. However, when the cancer becomes aggressive or spreads deeper into the bladder wall, doctors may recommend radical cystectomy, a surgery to remove the bladder entirely.
That said, losing the bladder can significantly affect how the body stores and eliminates urine. To help patients regain this essential bodily function, surgeons perform bladder reconstruction, where a new storage system is created to replace the removed bladder. Among these options, neobladder reconstruction offers the most natural way to pass urine, preserving normal body function and improving quality of life after bladder cancer treatment.
What is Neobladder Reconstruction Surgery?
Neobladder reconstruction surgery is a complex urological procedure that rebuilds the bladder using a small section of the intestine after the original bladder has been removed for cancer treatment. The reconstructed “neobladder” is shaped like a pouch and connected to the urethra, allowing urine to exit the body naturally.
At Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, our surgeons perform this operation with high precision using advanced robotic-assisted techniques. The objective is to completely remove cancerous tissue and to restore normal urinary function, helping patients return to their daily lives with confidence, comfort, and improved well-being.
Types of Urinary Diversion [AS1]
At Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, our uro-oncology experts carefully evaluate each case to recommend the most suitable approach. The main types of bladder reconstruction surgeries include:
Orthotopic Neobladder: In this procedure, the surgeon creates a new bladder from a segment of the small intestine and connects it to the urethra. This allows patients to urinate through the natural passage, closely mimicking the function of the original bladder.
Continent Cutaneous Reservoir: A pouch made from intestinal tissue is connected to a small stoma (opening) on the abdomen. Patients empty urine using a catheter at regular intervals, maintaining control without the need for an external collection bag.
Ileal Conduit (Urostomy): For patients who are not suitable candidates for continent urinary diversion, urine is diverted through a short segment of the small intestine to a stoma created on the abdominal wall and collected in a discreet external pouch.
Each of these procedures is performed with precision and care at RGCIRC, ensuring safe cancer removal and restoration of comfort, function, and dignity for every patient.
Who is a Candidate for Neobladder Reconstruction?
Not every patient undergoing bladder removal surgery is an ideal candidate for neobladder reconstruction. The decision depends on several medical and functional factors that determine whether the procedure will provide safe and effective results.
At Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, our uro-oncology specialists conduct a detailed evaluation before recommending the surgery. A patient may be suitable for neobladder reconstruction if they:
- Have localised bladder cancer: Cancer that has not spread beyond the bladder.
- Healthy kidney function and intact urethra: Required to allow proper urine flow.
- Good overall health: Capable of tolerating major surgery and anaesthesia.
- Motivated and compliant: Willing to learn new bladder habits and follow post-surgery care instructions.
Through careful pre-surgical planning and multidisciplinary assessment, our team ensures that each patient receives the most appropriate and personalised treatment for long-term recovery and quality of life.
Surgical Approaches and Techniques
Neobladder reconstruction is a technically advanced procedure that demands precision, expertise, and a deep understanding of both oncology and urology. At Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, our surgeons use the most suitable surgical approach based on the patient’s condition, tumour characteristics, and overall health. The surgical approaches and techniques used at RGCIRC include:
Open Surgery
In traditional open neobladder surgery, surgeons make a larger abdominal incision to remove the cancerous bladder and reconstruct the new one. This approach allows direct access and visibility, particularly in complex or advanced cases.
Minimally Invasive Surgery (Laparoscopic or Robotic-Assisted)
Our surgeons use high-definition cameras and robotic precision to perform the procedure through small incisions. The robotic system provides greater accuracy, minimises blood loss, and enables faster recovery with minimal discomfort.
Our advanced surgical infrastructure at RGCIRC supports both approaches, ensuring each patient benefits from a procedure tailored to their needs, combining complete cancer removal with optimal functional outcomes and a smoother recovery experience.
Pre-Surgery Preparation for Neobladder Reconstruction
Successful outcomes in neobladder reconstruction begin with thorough preparation. At Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, we guide every patient through a detailed pre-surgical process designed to ensure safety, readiness, and confidence before the operation.
Before the surgery, patients undergo:
- Comprehensive Medical Evaluation: Blood tests, urine analysis, imaging studies, and cardiopulmonary assessments help evaluate overall health and surgical fitness.
- Personalised Counselling: Specialists explain the surgical steps, potential risks, and expected lifestyle changes, helping patients and families make informed decisions.
- Nutritional and Fasting Guidelines: Patients receive tailored diet plans and fasting instructions to optimise digestive health before surgery.
- Prehabilitation Support: Breathing exercises and gentle activity may be recommended to strengthen the body ahead of anaesthesia and recovery.
- Informed Consent and Risk Discussion: The care team ensures that every patient understands the procedure, postoperative care, and the importance of follow-up visits.
This comprehensive preparation not only enhances surgical safety but also helps patients approach the procedure with trust, awareness, and peace of mind.
What Happens During Neobladder Reconstruction Surgery?
Neobladder reconstruction is a carefully planned and staged procedure performed under general anaesthesia. At Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, our uro-oncology and surgical teams work in coordination to ensure precision, safety, and the best possible outcomes throughout every step of the operation.
The procedure generally involves the following stages:
- Radical Cystectomy: The surgeon removes the cancerous bladder along with nearby lymph nodes and tissues if necessary, ensuring complete cancer clearance.
- Neobladder Creation: A small segment of the intestine (usually the ileum) is reshaped into a spherical pouch that functions as a new bladder.
- Reconnection to Urinary Pathway: The neobladder is attached to the urethra, enabling natural urination. In some cases, it may be connected to a stoma for controlled urine drainage.
- Catheter and Drain Placement: Temporary tubes are placed to allow urine drainage and monitor healing after surgery.
The surgery usually lasts between four to eight hours, depending on the patient’s anatomy and chosen surgical technique. Throughout the procedure, our team uses advanced imaging and robotic guidance systems to achieve complete tumour removal while preserving surrounding nerves and structures to support better postoperative function and recovery.
Post-Surgery Care
After neobladder reconstruction, patients receive close and continuous monitoring to ensure a safe recovery and smooth adaptation to their new bladder. At Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, our dedicated postoperative care team, including uro-oncologists, nurses, and physiotherapists, works together to promote healing and comfort from the very first day.
Key aspects of post-surgery care include:
- Initial Recovery and Monitoring: Patients are shifted to the ICU or high-dependency unit, where vital signs, urine output, and kidney function are closely observed.
- Pain Management: Personalised pain-control plans, including medication and physiotherapy, help patients stay comfortable and mobile.
- Catheter and Drain Care: Special attention is given to catheter maintenance and hygiene to prevent infection and ensure proper urine drainage.
- Early Mobilisation: Gentle walking and breathing exercises are encouraged to improve circulation and prevent complications such as clots or pneumonia.
- Nutritional and Hydration Support: Gradual reintroduction of fluids and light meals supports intestinal recovery and overall well-being.
This phase of recovery is critical, and our care teams stay actively involved by educating, reassuring, and guiding patients hands-on to help them regain independence and confidence step by step.
Possible Risks and Side Effects of Neobladder Reconstruction Surgery
Every major surgery carries some degree of risk, and neobladder reconstruction is no exception. However, at Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, our experienced surgeons and specialised care teams work proactively to minimise complications through meticulous surgical planning, advanced technology, and continuous monitoring.
Possible risks and side effects may include:
- Infection: Sometimes, an infection can develop around the surgery site or in the urinary tract. Doctors manage this with antibiotics and proper hygiene to promote quick healing.
- Bleeding or Blood Clots: Some bleeding is normal after surgery, but the surgical team carefully controls it. Gentle movement after surgery also helps prevent blood clots.
- Urinary Leakage or Incontinence: In the early weeks, the neobladder may leak slightly as it adjusts. Regular pelvic exercises and physiotherapy gradually improve control.
- Ureteral Narrowing or Blockage: The ureters may sometimes narrow or become blocked. Doctors can correct this with a simple follow-up procedure.
- Bowel Blockage or Connection Issues (Fistula): Rarely, the intestine may become blocked or form an unwanted connection with nearby organs. Surgeons monitor and treat this promptly.
- Electrolyte Imbalance: Using intestinal tissue to form the neobladder can affect the body’s salt and fluid balance. Regular blood tests help keep it stable.
- Fatigue or Slow Wound Healing: Tiredness and slower healing are common after major surgery. Proper nutrition, rest, and gentle activity support recovery.
At RGCIRC, safety remains our top priority. Every patient benefits from individualised postoperative care plans and regular follow-up visits, ensuring early detection and effective management of any potential complications.
Recovery Timeline After Neobladder Reconstruction Surgery
Recovery after neobladder surgery is a gradual process that requires patience, care, and regular medical guidance. The typical recovery timeline includes:
- Hospital Stay: Most patients remain in the hospital for 7–14 days, during which the medical team monitors healing, manages catheters, and provides rehabilitation support.
- Catheter Removal: Catheters are usually removed two to three weeks after surgery once the neobladder has healed and can function independently.
- Return to Routine Activities: Patients can gradually resume normal daily activities within six to twelve weeks, depending on individual recovery progress.
- Bladder Training: Pelvic floor exercises and timed voiding routines help strengthen bladder muscles and improve urinary control over time.
- Long-Term Follow-Up: Regular check-ups and imaging assessments ensure proper neobladder function and help detect any signs of cancer recurrence early.
By following personalised recovery plans and maintaining close communication with their care team, patients can expect steady improvement in comfort, control, and overall quality of life.
Lifestyle After Neobladder Reconstruction Surgery
Adjusting to life with a neobladder requires time, guidance, and ongoing support. At Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, we help patients adapt smoothly to their reconstructed bladder through continuous follow-up, physiotherapy, and personalised counselling. Our goal is to ensure long-term comfort, confidence, and independence in daily activities.
Key lifestyle considerations after neobladder reconstruction surgery include:
- Diet and Hydration: Staying well-hydrated helps flush the urinary tract and maintain kidney health. A balanced diet rich in fibre supports smooth bowel function during recovery.
- Bladder Training: Scheduled voiding and pelvic floor exercises are essential to strengthen bladder control and prevent leakage, especially during the initial months.
- Regular Follow-Ups: Routine check-ups and urine tests help monitor neobladder function and detect any early signs of complications.
- Recognising Warning Signs: Patients should remain alert to symptoms such as fever, pain, or urine leakage and report them immediately to their doctor.
- Emotional Well-being: Counselling and support groups can help patients manage emotional and lifestyle changes associated with major cancer surgery.
With proper care and medical guidance, most patients adapt well to their new bladder, regaining a sense of normalcy and enjoying an active, fulfilling life after recovery.
When to Consult Your Doctor?
After neobladder reconstruction, timely medical consultation plays a crucial role in preventing complications and ensuring smooth recovery. At Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, our care teams encourage patients to stay vigilant and reach out promptly if they notice any unusual changes.
Patients should contact their doctor immediately if they experience:
Persistent or severe pain around the abdomen or surgical site.
Fever, chills, or signs of infection, such as redness or discharge.
Difficulty passing urine, leakage, or blockage in the catheter.
Blood in the urine or an unusual change in urine colour or odour.
Sudden swelling, fatigue, or reduced urine output.
Early communication with the healthcare team ensures that even minor issues are addressed before they progress. At RGCIRC, we remain available for every patient long after surgery – providing guidance, reassurance, and follow-up support to promote complete recovery and long-term wellness.
Why Choose Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre for Neobladder Surgery?
At Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre (RGCIRC), we combine advanced surgical expertise with compassionate, patient-focused care to deliver the best outcomes in neobladder reconstruction. Our approach goes beyond treating the disease. We help patients regain comfort, dignity, and control over their lives after bladder cancer surgery. We provide:
Expert Uro-Oncology Team
Our team of highly experienced and renowned uro-oncologists and reconstructive surgeons performs complex neobladder procedures with precision and care. Their expertise in both open and robotic-assisted surgeries ensures each patient receives an individualised treatment plan tailored to their health needs and recovery goals.
Advanced Robotic and Minimally Invasive Technology
RGCIRC is equipped with cutting-edge robotic and laparoscopic systems that allow surgeons to perform bladder reconstruction with greater accuracy, minimal pain, and faster healing. These technologies help preserve vital structures, improve urinary control, and shorten hospital stays.
Comprehensive Postoperative and Rehabilitation Support
Recovery does not end after surgery. Our multidisciplinary team, comprising oncologists, physiotherapists, dietitians, and counsellors, provides continuous follow-up care to help patients adjust to their neobladder, regain strength, and rebuild confidence.
Every patient at RGCIRC receives the highest level of surgical excellence and personal care under one roof. With our advanced facilities and unwavering commitment to patient well-being, we help individuals return to active, fulfilling lives after neobladder cancer surgery in Delhi, India.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is neobladder reconstruction surgery, and how is it different from other bladder surgeries?
Neobladder reconstruction involves creating a new bladder using a section of the intestine after the original bladder is removed for cancer treatment. Unlike an ileal conduit, which diverts urine to an external bag, a neobladder allows patients to urinate naturally through the urethra.
Who is a suitable candidate for neobladder reconstruction surgery?
Patients with localised bladder cancer, healthy kidney function, and an intact urethra are generally good candidates. Doctors at RGCIRC evaluate each case carefully to ensure that the surgery is safe and beneficial for the individual.
What are the different types of bladder reconstruction?
The three main types are orthotopic neobladder (connected to the urethra), continent cutaneous reservoir (connected to a stoma emptied with a catheter), and ileal conduit (uses a stoma with an external urine bag).
Will I be able to urinate normally after neobladder reconstruction?
Yes, most patients can pass urine through the urethra after recovery, though bladder training and pelvic floor exercises are essential to improve control and capacity in the initial months.
How long does it take to recover fully from neobladder surgery?
Patients typically recover within 6 to 12 weeks, depending on overall health and healing progress. Regular follow-ups at RGCIRC ensure smooth recovery and early management of any issues.
Can neobladder surgery affect sexual function?
In some cases, temporary changes in sexual function may occur due to nerve proximity. Our surgeons use nerve-sparing techniques whenever possible, and rehabilitation support is available for recovery.
What factors influence the cost of neobladder surgery in India?
The cost depends on the surgical approach (open or robotic), hospital stay, medications, and post-surgery care. At RGCIRC, patients receive transparent cost estimates before treatment.
Are there alternatives to neobladder reconstruction for bladder cancer patients near me in Delhi?
Yes. For patients who may not be ideal candidates for neobladder reconstruction, specialists at Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre (RGCIRC) in Delhi offer alternative procedures such as the ileal conduit and continent cutaneous reservoir. These methods provide safe and effective urinary diversion options while ensuring patient comfort and long-term health. Our uro-oncology team explains each approach in detail, helping every patient choose the most suitable solution based on their medical condition, anatomy, and lifestyle needs.
